Papers by Keyword: Technology

Abstract: Technological progress introduces new ideas and methods that eventually end up being in another technology. One technology can not provide a solid ground for the future and, thus, technologies intervene with each other. A combination of technologies allows the achievement of greater application in different fields and areas and better performance and functionality. The Internet of Things is not a new idea, but due to the improvement of other technology can be used in different industries to achieve better optimization. Internet of Things can be found in different industries, but the focus of this work is in the field of robotics. Therefore, the following work will try to illustrate the use of technology in this field. A brief definition of the Internet of Things will be covered. The application of the technology in robotics will be outlined with its future perspectives. The advantages and drawbacks of the Internet of Things in the field of robotics will be discussed at the end.

Abstract: The article shows the process of preparing an oxide layer on the surface of titanium for use in industrial catalysis. Data from physical and chemical studies are presented, namely microhardness, porosity, thickness, specific surface area, adhesion and thermal stability of the active layer.To determine the physicochemical characteristics of the resulting oxide layer, the following analysis methods were used: X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), X-ray diffraction phase analysis (XPA), X-ray absorption analysis (XRA), and X-ray fluorescence analysis. The thickness of the oxide layer depending on the duration of anodization was estimated by optical microscopy.

Abstract: The Stable Isotope Unit of the National Centre of Scientific Research and the Ephorate of Kavala and Thasos collaborated on a project to investigate construction materials from the Ancient Theatre on Thasos Island, which was funded by NSRF European funds (2007-2013 and 2014-2020). Bulk samples of marble were collected to determine their provenance, technology, degradation features, and mechanical and physicochemical properties, with the ultimate goal of developing a conservation plan. By utilizing novel scientific techniques, the research team was able to date constructions discovered within excavations and establish remedial and preventive conservation plans using marble technology. The samples were characterized in terms of their isotopic, chemical, and mineralogical composition. Additionally, extended physicochemical and mechanical testing was applied to estimate the current condition of the Ancient Thasos Theatre. The ¹³C and ¹⁸O isotopic composition of the calcitic marbles was analysed to determine the environmental conditions during calcite formation, making it possible to define the marble provenance. Compositional and morphological analyses were achieved using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis by scanning electron microscopy, while the mineralogical phases were detected using X-ray diffraction and petrographic (polarized optical microscopy) analysis. Mechanical testing according to European Standards was achieved through the examination of compressive tensile strength and grain size distribution.

Abstract: One of the most important issues in the procurement of parts and products by the process of metallurgy is the design of the details of the press-mold. The design should be carried out in such a way that the additional mechanical processing of the purchased parts and products is minimal. The tooling and technological scheme of the press-mold should be selected as might it be economically viable and the mechanical processing stakes are small. For these purposes, in this present study, the valve part of the high-pressure drilling pump НП-720х105, which is widely used in the oil and gas complex, was selected for theoretical and experimental investigations. With the help of the software, in order to ensure equal distribution of residual porosity in the samples, the optimal size and configuration of the samples were determined, and the inner and outer conical walls of the asymmetric samples were subjected to dynamic hot pressing. "Valve seat" and "valve tray" of the НП-720х105 high-pressure three-plunger pump were used for the experimental studies. From the conducted tests, it became clear that during the preparation of abrasive steels with high impact-abrasive corrosion resistance, it is necessary to thoroughly study the chemical and granulometric composition, structure, and strengthening process. Theoretical and experimental results show that the technology of manufacturing parts resistant to impact-abrasive corrosion allows the obtained parts to work in conditions of high impact-hydroabrasive corrosion.

Abstract: The present study aims to contribute to the knowledge of the mechanical properties of limestone blocks extracted from mines in the Republic of Moldova and used in a new masonry technology. The initial shear strength is examined based on laboratory work carried out on 5 samples from each of the 3 mines in different areas of Moldova. The strength calculation of the proposed masonry technology is carried out based on the standards for load-bearing walls and corresponds to the requirements. The results showed that Moldovan limestone blocks have high mechanical properties. The proposed masonry technology is based on the use of local materials and to increase the strength, instead of steel mesh, fibreglass mesh and epoxy resin will be used, which can be implemented in the Republic of Moldova. This research based on the use of local materials is significant for the development of the construction technology branch in Moldova.

Abstract: This chapter explores the evolution of public lighting, tracing its historical development from the early days of illumination to contemporary times. It highlights the contemporary significance of public lighting in meeting regulatory standards for illumination, emphasizing the fundamental role of LED technology. LED technology not only ensures compliance with lighting regulations but also significantly reduces network power consumption, thereby mitigating environmental pollution compared to traditional discharge lamps. Furthermore, this chapter underscores the transformative shift in the role of modern lighting systems, which have evolved into multifunctional hubs for the integration of value-added services. These services encompass a wide range of applications, including surveillance cameras, smart parking systems, and electric vehicle charging stations, thereby enhancing the overall functionality and sustainability of urban environments.

Abstract: Ghana has seen a significant rise in the production of beverages by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in recent times. However, the high cost associated with implementing automated systems in their production makes it difficult for SMEs to adopt such technology. To address this challenge a simple, scalable and economical automated liquid filling system that can be adopted by SMEs is built. The main components of the system are a microcontroller, servo motor, submersible water pump, relay, Liquid crystal display (LCD), and a keypad. The microprocessor in the design makes the system easier to customize to user preference and allows the system to be modified to accommodate different bottle sizes. The system’s use of a counter and timer are employed in the system to eliminate sensors making it economical, power efficient and limiting the number of interfaces for fault. The system is portable, user-friendly and easier to maintain. When tested with water and common beverages in the Ghanaian market the system demonstrated an ability to fill twelve 250-mL bottles with water, sobolo, and fruit juice within 21, 30, and 42 seconds, respectively. Thedeveloped system provides a practical solution to SMEs' challenge of implementing automated systems in their production process, thereby enhancing their competitiveness and potential for growth in Ghana.

Abstract: With the popularization of electricity, the use of electric porcelain is becoming more and more extensive, but in the process of production, the waste of electric porcelain continues to accumulate and increase, which not only pollutes the environment but also affects the normal life of human beings. Therefore, it is urgent to deal with these electric porcelain wastes. In this paper, the electric ceramic waste is used as the main raw material, and starch and kaolin are added to optimize the formula to prepare porous ceramsite. The effects of the content of electrical ceramic waste, sintering temperature and holding time on the properties of porous ceramsite were studied. After research, the results show that with the increase of waste content, the porosity and water absorption first decrease and then increase, while the compressive strength first increases and then decreases. With the increase of the sintering temperature, the porosity and the water absorption rate decrease continuously at the beginning, and the compressive strength increases continuously at the beginning, but when the sintering temperature increases continuously, there will be a turning point or a flattening point. With the continuous extension of the holding time, the water absorption and porosity continue to increase, while the compressive strength continues to decrease, but the overall change is small. The optimization can be found that when the waste content is 75%, the sintering temperature is 1200 °C, and the holding time is 30 min, the prepared porous ceramsite has the best performance. Its water absorption rate: 13.87%, porosity: 27.52%, compressive strength: 20.06MPa.

Abstract: Research on improving petroleum bitumen complex properties by modifying them with polymeric elastomers in the form of rubber waste are given in this article. The purpose of the research is to create a bituminous-rubber composition with an increased set of thermo-physical and physical-mechanical characteristics. The effect of bitumen modification with waste rubber crumb and powder in combination with the addition of taurite on the melting temperature, the degree of crosslinking, toughness and heat resistance of the compositions was studied. The optimal composition of bituminous-rubber compositions modified with taurite with high thermo-physical and physical-mechanical characteristics has been determined.

Abstract: The presented study demonstrates the possibility of an analytical approach called the multi-optional hybrid-effectiveness functions uncertainty measure conditional optimization doctrine. This method is applied in order to obtain the known, therefore considered proven, solutions by-passing the entirely probabilistic approach. It is made in application to the stochastic process measures determination. Supposedly, the process is developing in the aircraft engine system’s element (the state condition of its material). The solution is found in the framework of the entropy paradigm. It helps assess the newly emerged materials applications rationality and the novelty technologies implementations expediency on condition of the operational options uncertainty.